By Reflux Researcher — Oct 2, 2024

Licorice Root: A Natural Remedy for GERD Relief

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, leading to symptoms like heartburn, regurgitation, and discomfort. While medications such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed, they may have long-term side effects. An alternative natural remedy gaining attention is licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), known for its soothing effects on the digestive system.

Understanding GERD and Its Challenges

Gastroesophageal reflux disease and acid reflux affect many people, causing discomfort and GERD symptoms like heartburn, regurgitation, and pain while swallowing. Effective GERD treatment options include medications and lifestyle changes. A diet for reflux esophagitis, avoiding specific foods that cause GERD, and adding foods that stop acid reflux can bring relief. Foods that help GERD, like ginger and oatmeal, may reduce symptoms naturally. Heartburn treatment at home is possible with simple changes, making it easier to manage GERD symptoms daily.

Licorice Root: An Ancient Herbal Remedy

Historical Use

Licorice root has been used for centuries in traditional medicine systems across India, China, and Europe. It has been employed to treat various ailments, particularly:

Digestive issues: Ulcers, indigestion, and stomach inflammation.
Respiratory problems: Coughs, colds, and sore throats.

How Licorice Helps with GERD

Licorice root contains numerous bioactive compounds, including over 300 flavonoids and 20 triterpenoids. These compounds contribute to its therapeutic effects on the digestive system.

1. Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Licorice exhibits strong anti-inflammatory effects, which can help reduce inflammation of the esophageal lining caused by acid reflux.

Scientific Insight: Flavonoids in licorice inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines and promote anti-inflammatory cytokines, reducing irritation in the esophagus.

2. Enhanced Mucosal Defense

Licorice increases the production of mucus in the gastrointestinal tract, providing a protective barrier against stomach acid.

Scientific Insight: The mucogenic properties of licorice help in safeguarding the stomach and esophagus from acid-induced damage.

3. Antioxidant Effects

Oxidative stress contributes to mucosal damage in GERD. Licorice root's antioxidant compounds neutralize free radicals.

Scientific Insight: Antioxidants in licorice scavenge reactive oxygen species, protecting the gastrointestinal mucosa.

4. Improved Gut Motility

Licorice may enhance gut motility, aiding in efficient digestion and reducing the likelihood of acid reflux.

Scientific Insight: Studies suggest that licorice stimulates gastric emptying and intestinal transit, preventing the delay that can lead to reflux.

5. Protection of Gut Integrity

Licorice supports the integrity of the gut lining, preventing "leaky gut" syndrome, which is linked to various gastrointestinal disorders.

Scientific Insight: Flavonoid-rich extracts of licorice strengthen tight junction proteins, maintaining the barrier function of the intestinal lining.

Benefits Over Conventional Treatments

While PPIs and H2 blockers reduce stomach acid production, they can have side effects with long-term use:

Nutrient Malabsorption: Reduced absorption of vitamins and minerals like magnesium and vitamin B12.
Increased Infection Risk: Higher susceptibility to gastrointestinal infections due to decreased stomach acidity.
Bone Fractures: Potential risk of osteoporosis with prolonged PPI use.

Licorice root offers a natural alternative without significantly altering stomach acid levels, thereby avoiding these side effects.

Research Supporting Licorice's Efficacy

Clinical Trial on GERD Symptoms: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study found that participants taking licorice root extract experienced significant improvement in GERD symptoms, particularly heartburn and regurgitation, compared to placebo.
Functional Dyspepsia Relief: Another study demonstrated that licorice extract significantly reduced symptoms like upper abdominal pain and bloating in individuals with indigestion.

How to Use Licorice for GERD

Deglycyrrhizinated Licorice (DGL)

To avoid potential side effects associated with glycyrrhizin—a compound in licorice that can cause high blood pressure and low potassium levels—deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL) is recommended.

Forms of Licorice

DGL Chewable Tablets: Commonly used before meals and bedtime.
Licorice Tea: Made from licorice root powder or sticks.
Capsules: Containing standardized extracts of licorice flavonoids.

Dosage Recommendations

DGL Tablets: Typically, 300-400 mg, chewed 20 minutes before meals.
Licorice Tea: 1-2 cups per day, preferably after meals.

Precautions

Avoid Glycyrrhizin: Opt for DGL products to prevent side effects like hypertension.
Consult Healthcare Provider: Especially important for individuals with heart conditions, kidney disease, or those taking medications.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Licorice should be avoided unless under professional guidance.

References:

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2147/CEG.S42512#d1e143